TRANSPOSITION/RECATIGORIZATION

Definition: it is a translation technique that involves changing the grammatical structure or word order of the source text while preserving the meaning. This technique is used when the structure of the source language does not align with the conventions of the target language.

Example 1:

Source text: "The cake was eaten by the boy." 

Target text : "El pastel fue comido por el niño" 

In English, the sentence is in passive voice with the subject ("the cake") coming after the verb ("was eaten by"). In Spanish, active voice is preferred, so the translator restructures the sentence to "El pastel fue comido por el niño" (The cake was eaten by the boy), maintaining the same meaning but adjusting the structure to fit Spanish conventions. 

Example 2:

Source text: "They went to the park yesterday." 

Target text: "Ellos fueron al parque ayer." 

In this example, while the word order and structure differ slightly between English and Spanish, the translator ensures that the meaning remains the same. In Spanish, the subject "ellos" (they) is placed before the verb "fueron" (went), and "ayer" (yesterday) is placed at the end of the sentence, following Spanish word order conventions.